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Context

Young people are currently the hardest hit by economic and financial difficulties: according to INSEE, 18–24-year-olds are the age group with the highest poverty rate, and 15–24-year-olds are also the most affected by unemployment. These findings regularly bring the issue of young people’s standard of living and the efforts that the state should make on their behalf into the public debate: the recent introduction of the Youth Engagement Contract (CEJ), discussions on the Youth RSA or the creation of an independence allowance, and so on.

These issues are all the more difficult to address with factual evidence because young people’s resources are hard to measure. On the one hand, certain social benefits aimed at young people are poorly understood (e.g. higher education grants). On the other hand, young people may more frequently receive informal financial support from their relatives, which is not captured in standard data, even though it forms part of their actual standard of living. This incomplete understanding of such support means that a proportion of 18–24-year-olds (student households) are excluded from standard poverty measures.

Presentation

The overall aim of this study is to provide a more comprehensive picture of young people’s standard of living, taking into account, in particular, the financial support they receive from their families. This study enables us to characterise the distribution of living standards among all 18–24-year-olds once such support has been taken into account, and to compare it with the distribution of living standards across the population as a whole. The composition of young people’s living standards will also be analysed, distinguishing between different types of resources (income from work, housing benefits, minimum social benefits, support received from family, etc.). More broadly, the aim is to develop a source of information to inform public debate and decision-making regarding any reform of the redistributive system aimed at young people.

Research Team

This project is led by the pole Tax system.

Method and Data

This project will involve supplementing information on household income with survey data on the financial support received by young people. More specifically, this work will utilise the TAXIPP model, which simulates the French socio-fiscal system for households (compulsory levies, social benefits) using comprehensive administrative databases. A distinctive feature of this model is that it relies on data which, in particular, identifies each individual’s tax household, even where that household is associated with a different property from their main residence (as in the case of young people who have their own accommodation but are fiscally linked to their parents). The work involves, in particular, incorporating into the TAXIPP model estimates of financial support received by 18–24-year-olds, drawn from the National Survey on Young People’s Resources (ENRJ) produced by Drees.

Partners

Fédération des entreprises sociales de l’habitat (ESH)
Last modified: July 20, 2026