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Context

The reform of housing benefit, which comes into force on 1 January 2021, involves basing these schemes on beneficiaries’ income received over the last twelve months, rather than on their income from the year before last. This measure forms part of a broader context highlighting the need to modernise our redistributive system in order to reduce such time lags between the moment of redistribution and the reference period for calculating income, and thus move closer to real-time redistribution. The recent reform of the pay-as-you-earn income tax system is another example of this trend. Alongside this reform of housing benefits, the issue of merging social security benefits features prominently in public debate (e.g. the proposed Universal Activity Income, debates surrounding basic income). Such a merger also raises questions about the method of measuring resources to be adopted within the framework of a unified benefit.

Presentation

This project aims, on the one hand, to evaluate the reform of housing benefit. Changing the reference period used to calculate these benefits inevitably has redistributive effects, depending on changes in individuals’ incomes over time. This work will involve building, using comprehensive administrative data sources, a database containing all the information required to evaluate this reform, and thereby characterising its redistributive and budgetary effects. This project also aims to anticipate potential future reforms involving the merging of social benefits, by evaluating a scenario that involves harmonising the measurement of means across three existing schemes: the Active Solidarity Income (RSA), the activity bonus, and housing benefits.

Research Team

This project is led by the pole Tax system.

Partners

Fédération des entreprises sociales de l’habitat (ESH)
Last modified: July 20, 2026